Wednesday, February 23, 2005

policemen, Arab nomad killed in market gun fight

RUMBEK, Feb 22, 2005 (Sudan Radio Service) -- Four people of Arab origin and one Dinka man came to a place called Akoch, one of the payams in Twich. So when they were asked what they were coming to do there they told the commissioner that they were looking for grazing land.

Members of the New Sudan Police practice a drill , Tuesday, Jan. 18, 2005 in Rumbek in southern Sudan. (AP).

Then when the interrogation went further they again said they wanted food, therefore, they should be allowed to go to the market.

Sudan relief and rehabilitation commission official Dominic Deng indicated "When they got to the market they got the local authorities - what they call shurta, and they were asked to give their guns, they refused and when the shurta approached them to get the guns from them, immediately they shot the guy".

"Five of the Sudan People's Liberation Army police were shot dead, then in retaliation one of the Murahiliin was injured but also died." Deng added.

The other three Murahiliin reportedly abandoned their camels and ran away. The SPLA told SRS they are in hot pursuit of the three Murahiliin who are still at large.

Darfur rebels ambush Sudanese troops; govt bombs villages

N'DJAMENA, Chad, Feb 23, 2005 (AP) -- Rebels ambushed Sudanese troops and Sudan's military bombed and destroyed eight villages in Darfur, officials said Wednesday, detailing the latest reported violations of a largely ignored cease-fire in the western region of Sudan .

Sudan Liberation Army rebel patrolling the desert west of El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur. (Ruters) .

The rebel ambush reportedly took place Tuesday in Graida, a town about 100 kilometers south of Nyala, the capital of South Darfur state, one of the three states that make up Darfur, a region roughly the size of France, said Ahmat Allam-mi, a member of a commission monitoring the cease-fire.

The government has reported the attack to the commission, but African Union monitors in Darfur haven't yet been able to investigate the report, said Allam-mi, who is also an adviser to Chadian President Idriss Deby.

The Justice and Equality Movement, one of Darfur's two main rebel groups, said on its Web site Wednesday that the military has in the last four days bombed and completely destroyed eight villages in Darfur. No other details of the attacks were provided, and it was not immediately possible to independently verify the report.

It was not clear if the bombing was reported to cease-fire monitors.

Darfur has been torn by conflict since February 2003, when rebels from the region's ethnic African tribes took up arms, complaining of discrimination by the Arab-dominated government in Khartoum. A pro-government Arab militia launched a counterinsurgency in which thousands have been killed. An estimated 2 million people have been displaced by the fighting.

Chad and the AU have mediated peace talks between the government and rebels.

African leaders last week urged the government and all Darfur's rebel groups to show AU monitors their positions so the cease-fire, signed in April, can be enforced.

The Justice and Equality Movement, however, rejected the suggestion, and Allam-mi said Wednesday that the group could be excluded from future peace talks.

The rebel group "is putting itself against the peace process...we appeal to them to reconsider their position," said Allam-mi. "Otherwise the international community and Chad could consider the option to exclude them from the peace process."

Allam-mi said Chadian and AU mediators will meet in the Nigerian capital, Abuja, Thursday to work on a program to get peace negotiations back on track in mid-March.

He didn't say how long the Abuja meeting will last.

The most recent round of Darfur peace talks began Dec. 11, but rebels boycotted meetings with government delegates two days later, alleging a new government offensive, and the talks broke down within weeks.(sudan tribune)

Sunday, February 20, 2005

Raped Darfur women wrestle with fate of babies

Raped Darfur women wrestle with fate of babies

Sunday February 20th, 2005.

By Nima Elbagir

KALMA, Sudan, Feb 19 (Reuters) - When Hawa reported the rape of her and seven other women in Darfur by Arab militia, the police told her to forget it had happened.

A young girl listens to women talking in a counselling tent at Abushouk camp near El Fasher, the capital of North Darfur state November 7, 2004. The camp is home to more than 45,000 people who have fled fighting in western Sudan's troubled Darfur region, where sexual violence against women is common. (Reuters).

"The police came at night and said; 'Do you want to make us like Iraq? Do you want to bring foreign troops here?"' she said in southern Darfur's Kalma camp, which is home to some of the two million people displaced by two years of violence in Darfur.

"The rapes never stop, sometimes there are more, sometimes less," she said, accusing militiamen known as Janjaweed of the crime. "Now the Janjaweed babies are being born and the girls are throwing them down latrines," she said.

"Better the babies are lost this way than we carry the burden," she said, falling silent as she stared into her coffee cup.

U.N. Secretary-General Kofi Annan urged the Security Council Wednesday to take immediate steps to stop the Darfur war, which has killed at least 70,000 people since March.

Women in the overcrowded camp say the birth of children conceived by rape brings unwelcome attention from the security forces, who they say are either unwilling or unable to ease their plight.

"Sometimes the security forces come and ask questions when they hear it is a Janjaweed baby. Better we say the babies were never born," Hawa said.

Hawa's friends point out a woman who gave birth to a child conceived by rape. The victim nods as the women explain how the child died of malnutrition because the mother was too distressed to breast-feed.

Darfur rebels have accused the Sudanese government of using the Arab militia as a proxy force to crush their uprising. Rebels and human rights groups say they have looted and burned villages in Darfur and conducted a campaign of rape.

The government says it recruited some militias to fight the rebellion but not the Janjaweed, who it has called outlaws.

"WHERE IS AMERICA?" "The honor of our women has become cheap," said one man who fled his home 14 months ago. "Where is America, where are those who say they care?" "We are castrated. We lie here under trees while our women go out to be raped because we cannot leave the camps," he said.

The man with him gestures angrily at the camera.

"The journalists come and they write their stories and take our pictures and we are the ones who stay behind to suffer. You come here and then leave and the police beat and humiliate us. Go away," he said.

The authorities said new police had been brought from outside the region to try and build the trust of the displaced.

"The police today are not the same force. They have been trained in how to handle the situation," said Alhaj Atta Almannanm, governor of South Darfur State.

"It is the displaced who are traumatized and still obsessed with what went before and so see intimidation and violations everywhere," he said.

After years of tribal conflict over scarce resources, Darfur's rebels took up arms in February 2003, accusing Khartoum of neglect and giving preferential treatment to Arab tribes.

"Until the day the United Nations gives us a certificate to say trust the government and go home, I will stay in the camps and watch my youth rot," Hawa said.(sudan tribune)

Saturday, February 19, 2005

Annan Urges Security Council to Take Action Against Killings, Displacement in Darfur, Sudan


Annan Urges Security Council to Take Action Against Killings, Displacement in Darfur, Sudan

UN News Service (New York)
NEWS
February 16, 2005
Posted to the web February 16, 2005

United Nations Secretary-General Kofi Annan, saying the evidence pointed to crimes committed by the Sudanese Government, militia and rebel forces, today urged the Security Council to act urgently to stop further death and suffering in the strife-torn Darfur region and "to do justice for those whom we are already too late to save."

He addressed the Council as it received a report from UN High Commissioner for Human Rights Louise Arbour on the findings of the five-member International Commission of Inquiry on the conflict in Sudan's vast region in the west.

"The Commission has established that many people in Darfur have been the victims of atrocities perpetrated on a very large scale, for which the Government of Sudan and the Janjaweed are responsible - including war crimes and very likely crimes against humanity," he said.

"The Commission has also found credible evidence that rebel forces are responsible for serious violations, which may amount to war crimes."

The panel recommended referring those responsible for the Darfur situation to the International Criminal Court (ICC) so that their crimes would not be left unpunished, he said.

Most estimates put at 70,000 the number of people killed since the conflict began two years ago, with another 1.65 million internally displaced and 200,000 more who fled over the border into Chad.

While concluding that the Government had not committed genocide, the Commission said it found that Government forces and militias had committed crimes against humanity that "may be no less serious and heinous than genocide."

It listed the indiscriminate killing of civilians, torture, enforced disappearances, destruction of villages, rape and other forms of sexual violence, pillaging and forced displacement.

Rebel forces were also responsible for possible war crimes, including the murder of civilians and pillage, it said.

"As others have said before me, while the United Nations may not be able to take humanity to heaven, it must act to save humanity from hell," Mr. Annan said.

"This report demonstrates beyond all doubt that the last two years have been little short of hell on earth for our fellow human beings in Darfur. And, despite the attention the Council has paid to this crisis, that hell continues today."

Statement by Ms. Louise Arbour

xxxxxxxxxx
Statement by Ms. Louise Arbour
High Commissioner for Human Rights
to the Security Council on The International
Commission of Inquiry on Darfur

New York; 16 February 2005

xxxxxxxxxx
Mr. President,
Secretary-General,
Members of the Council, Distinguished Representatives,

The urgent need to stop the violence in Darfur is widely acknowledged. One way to reduce the carnage – not the only way, but a credible and legitimate way – is to remove from their positions those who orchestrate or execute it. The Security Council has taken the lead in this regard, through its call for the establishment of a Commission of Inquiry in resolution 1564 (2004).

The findings of that Commission, which you have before you and which I shall highlight today, provide a blueprint for action. The Commission's recommendations are not merely of retrospective importance. Their implementation will not only do justice for the victims of the massive crimes committed in Darfur, but may actually contribute to reducing the exposure of thousands of prospective victims.

This is the context in which today's call for action needs to be understood.

On adoption of resolution 1564, the Secretary-General appointed five outstanding international legal and human rights experts as Commissioners. They brought with them a wealth of knowledge from different legal systems and expertise in international human rights, humanitarian and criminal law.

The Commission's mandate was:

1. To investigate reports of violations of international humanitarian law and human rights law in Darfur by all parties;
2. To determine whether or not acts of genocide had occurred; and,
3. To identify the perpetrators of such violations with a view to ensuring that those responsible were held accountable.

The Secretary-General requested my Office to assist the Commission in its work. My Office created a secretariat composed, in all, of more than 30 persons, including legal and human rights officers supporting the day-to-day work of the Commissioners, and field-based teams composed of criminal investigators, including some with backgrounds in sexual violence, military analysts, and forensic experts.

The Commissioners undertook two missions to the Sudan, including Darfur, as well as visiting relevant parties in Chad, Eritrea and Ethiopia. When the Commissioners returned to Geneva following their first mission to the Sudan in November 2004, their investigative teams stayed in the country and remained on the ground, primarily in Darfur, for a total of eight weeks, until 19 January 2005. In addition to the material collected by the Commission itself, it also received information and evidence from a very broad range of sources, including Governments, NGOs and various international organizations.

The Commission reported to the Secretary-General within three months: on 25 January 2005. Its findings are clear and thoroughly documented.

First, the Commission found that large-scale war crimes and crimes against humanity had been committed by Sudanese Government officials and the Janjaweed militia. In particular, the Commission found that Government forces and militias had, throughout Darfur, engaged in indiscriminate attacks against civilians, murder, torture, enforced disappearances, destruction of villages, rape, pillage and forced displacement. These acts took place on a very large scale and in a systematic manner, and may therefore amount to crimes against humanity.

Consider the events in Kailek, a village in South Darfur mainly populated by people of the Fur tribe. Kailek and surrounding villages were attacked twice by Government forces and Janjaweed. Following the second attack in March 2004, the villagers fled to the mountains where they were hunted down by mounted Janjaweed. The military shelled the area and machine-gunned those in flight; some were captured and shot and killed.

For a period of about 50 days, up to 30,000 people were confined in a small open area in Kailek. They were subject to the most abhorrent treatment. Some men were singled out and summarily shot. There are reports of people being thrown onto fires and burnt alive. Women and children were separated out, confined in a walled area, and periodically taken away by their captors to be raped, some subjected to gang rapes.

As evidenced in the Commission's report, the case of Kailek is not unique in today's Darfur.

With regard to the rebels, the Commission found credible evidence that members of the SLA and JEM were also responsible for serious violations which may amount to war crimes. In particular, these violations include cases of murder of civilians and pillaging. However, the Commission did not find a systematic or a widespread pattern to these violations.

Second, the Commission concluded that the Government of Sudan had not pursued a policy of genocide. In other words, it did not find a demonstrated, specific intention, expressed as a government policy, to exterminate, in whole or in part, a national, ethnic, racial or religious group, protected under the definition of genocide.


However, the Commission recognized that only a competent court could determine, on a case by case basis, whether individuals, including Government officials, ordered or participated in atrocities motivated by the genocidal intent to exterminate a protected group, in which case they could be found guilty of the crime of genocide.

It is, in my view, important to stress that nothing in the Commission's report precludes the possibility of individuals being convicted of acts of genocide in relation to the events in Darfur. Personal criminal responsibility is not determined by government policy.

Furthermore, the Commission stressed that its conclusion that no genocidal policy had been pursued should not be taken as in any way detracting from, or belittling, the gravity of the crimes perpetrated.

Third, the Commission identified 51 individuals suspected of international crimes in Darfur. It decided to withhold their names from the public domain so as to respect the suspects' right to due process and to ensure the protection of witnesses from possible harassment or intimidation. The names of these suspects are contained in a sealed file that has been placed in the custody of the Secretary-General to be handed over to a competent prosecutor. Needless to say, this list is neither exhaustive nor binding. In addition, the Commission handed to me a sealed file containing the evidentiary material it collected, also to be delivered to a competent prosecutor.

The Commission reviewed steps taken by the Sudanese Government and judicial authorities to address these crimes and concluded that they were both unwilling and unable to act. It noted that the justice system had been significantly weakened during the last decade, and that restrictive laws granting broad powers to the executive particularly undermined the effectiveness of the judiciary. Many of the laws in force in Sudan today contravene basic human rights standards and the Criminal Procedure Code contains provisions that prevent the effective prosecution of these crimes. In addition, many victims informed the Commission that they had little confidence in the impartiality of the Sudanese justice system and its ability to bring to justice the perpetrators of the serious crimes committed in Darfur and many feared reprisals if they resorted to it.

Despite the magnitude of the crisis, the Government informed the Commission of very few cases of individuals who had been prosecuted or even disciplined in the context of the situation in Darfur, which led the Commission to observe that measures taken so far had been grossly inadequate and ineffective.

In my view, any new initiative proposed by the Government of Sudan today to address these crimes could not be supported in light of the Commission's conclusions. In particular, the extent of involvement of Government officials, as documented by the Commission, would appear to foreclose such options.

The Commission carefully considered a broad range of other accountability measures.

For reasons outlined above, the Commission also excluded the possibility of establishing mixed courts.

The Commission also excluded the possibility of either establishing an ad-hoc international tribunal, or expanding the mandate of an existing tribunal. The Commission concluded that ad hoc measures would likely prove unduly time-consuming and expensive.

The Commission strongly recommended that the Security Council refer the situation of Darfur to the International Criminal Court. The Commission held the view that referral to the ICC was the only credible way of bringing alleged perpetrators to justice and advised against other measures. Activated by Security Council referral, the ICC would be empowered to prosecute any persons for acts committed in Darfur which amount to any of the crimes listed under the Rome Statute.

Designed, in part, for the purpose of addressing crimes which threaten international peace and security the ICC could be activated immediately. With an already existing set of well-defined rules of procedure and evidence, the Court is the best suited institution for ensuring speedy investigations leading to arrests and demonstrably fair trials.

In addition, the Commission urged that the Council act not only against the perpetrators but also on behalf of victims. It therefore proposed the establishment of an International Compensation Commission.

Mr. President, Members of the Council,

Murder, torture, enforced disappearances, destruction of villages, rape and forced displacement continue to be committed against the people of Darfur. These crimes have been and, it appears, continue to be perpetrated, on a widespread and systematic basis, by Government officials and Janjaweed leaders or those under their command. Members of rebel groups are also responsible for war crimes.

What is most urgently needed now are concrete measures to bring the current violence to an end and restore security and dignity to the people of Darfur. The Commission, in my view, eloquently and powerfully argues that referral to the ICC is the best means by which to halt ongoing violations and prevent future ones.

As stressed by the Commission, there are other immediate actions to be taken, which the Council may wish to note, including granting full and unimpeded access by the International Committee of the Red Cross and United Nations human rights monitors to all those detained by the Sudanese authorities in relation to the situation in Darfur.

The protection of witnesses and victims of human rights violations is urgently needed. I have written to the Government of Sudan with regard to these issues and have already appointed a Witness Protection Officer to follow up on any reports of threats or harassment of victims and witnesses perceived to have cooperated with the Commission.

Last September, the Council took an important first step towards bringing justice to the people of Darfur by requesting the establishment of an international commission of inquiry. The Commission has discharged its tasks with professionalism and integrity and placed before you a proposed course of action aimed at ending the brutality in Darfur, ensuring that perpetrators of atrocities are punished, and recognizing the dignity of the victims.

The pursuit of justice is often said to clash with the pursuit of peace. Whatever the theoretical merit of that proposition, the findings of this Commission of Inquiry irrefutably demonstrate that there is no hope for sustainable peace in Darfur without immediate access to justice.

foreign threats "do not scare us"

Sudanese vice-president says foreign threats "do not scare us"

Saturday February 19th, 2005.

KHARTOUM, Feb 18, 2005 (Alwan) -- First Vice-President Ali Osman Taha has reiterated Sudan's commitment to its national choices to face up to any foreign threats or UN sanctions threats.


Ali Osman Taha
He also affirmed that any violation of our honour or values would only make Sudan more determined to pursue its policies, and that any attempt in this regard would be defeated.

He went on to say: If any foreign power tries to undermine our policies, we will mobilize ourselves once again and fight to recover our peace.

He further said: Foreign threats do not scare us as we have been used to pressures, sanctions and hardship.

In his speech at a public rally at Al-Fula, the Western Kordofan State capital, and in Al-Nuhud town, he said that the Sudanese people were united in their determination to achieve peace, and that the movement Kordofan's Sudanese National Movement should come forward assured that there would be peace as there was no other way to bring stability in the country.

He added, however, that a number of foreign powers are trying anew to block our way once they saw that we had managed to end the war and made peace.

The first vice-president urged the setting up a broader front that would reflect unity between all the political forces ahead of the next phase which would require a united front that would guarantee peace in Sudan and serve its people.

Ali Osman Taha asserted that foreign conspiracy always looks for a way in. Before it created the north-south problem and now it is looking to foment inter-tribal conflict, Darfur is the best example, he added.

He said that the Darfur issue will be resolved in a just manner in line with the peace agreement which gave an opportunity to all Sudanese to participate in their country's political life

foreign threats "do not scare us"

Sudanese vice-president says foreign threats "do not scare us"

Saturday February 19th, 2005 00:43.
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KHARTOUM, Feb 18, 2005 (Alwan) -- First Vice-President Ali Osman Taha has reiterated Sudan's commitment to its national choices to face up to any foreign threats or UN sanctions threats.


Ali Osman Taha
He also affirmed that any violation of our honour or values would only make Sudan more determined to pursue its policies, and that any attempt in this regard would be defeated.

He went on to say: If any foreign power tries to undermine our policies, we will mobilize ourselves once again and fight to recover our peace.

He further said: Foreign threats do not scare us as we have been used to pressures, sanctions and hardship.

In his speech at a public rally at Al-Fula, the Western Kordofan State capital, and in Al-Nuhud town, he said that the Sudanese people were united in their determination to achieve peace, and that the movement Kordofan's Sudanese National Movement should come forward assured that there would be peace as there was no other way to bring stability in the country.

He added, however, that a number of foreign powers are trying anew to block our way once they saw that we had managed to end the war and made peace.

The first vice-president urged the setting up a broader front that would reflect unity between all the political forces ahead of the next phase which would require a united front that would guarantee peace in Sudan and serve its people.

Ali Osman Taha asserted that foreign conspiracy always looks for a way in. Before it created the north-south problem and now it is looking to foment inter-tribal conflict, Darfur is the best example, he added.

He said that the Darfur issue will be resolved in a just manner in line with the peace agreement which gave an opportunity to all Sudanese to participate in their country's political life.

World Must Act Now On Darfur, With Millions of Lives At Stake


World Must Act Now On Darfur, With Millions of Lives At Stake - UN Relief Chief

UN News Service (New York)
NEWS
February 18, 2005
Posted to the web February 18, 2005

The situation in Sudan's war-torn Darfur region is deteriorating rapidly, more than 4 million people could be in desperate need of life-saving aid by mid-year, and the Security Council and world at-large must act now to put a robust force on the ground and pressure on all sides, the top United Nations relief official warned today.

Humanitarian aid cannot be a substitute for necessary political and security action, UN Emergency Relief Coordinator Jan Egeland told a news briefing on the conflict, which began in early 2003 when rebels took up arms against Government forces but has since been compounded by attacks by Janjaweed and other militias against villages and civilians.

The basic lesson of earlier crises like Bosnia, Kosovo and Rwanda is "that too often the world sends us, the band aid, and the world believes that we keep people alive and then they don't have to take a political and security action. This is wrong and that's why we are really tired of being that kind of a substitute for political and security action," he said, calling for sanctions, though without specifying against which side.

"It's now one year since the world woke up to what we in the UN had already described for two to three months as the worst humanitarian crisis in the world," he added. Since then the number of internally displaced persons (IDPs) has doubled to between 1.8 million and 1.9 million "and it's growing by the day."

Painting an overall grim picture, he noted on the positive side that the humanitarian community - UN, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), the Red Cross and Red Crescent family - "have done our bit," with 9,000 aid workers on the ground, close to 1,000 of them international.

"We did prevent the massive famine that many predicted, but I think now it's time to say we may perhaps not be able to do so in the coming months if the situation keeps on deteriorating as it has," he said, calling for a tsunami-style increase in relief, a reference to the vast outpouring of international aid in the aftermath of the Indian Ocean disaster in December.

The number of IDPs and the many hundreds of thousands of others now outside of the camps who are in desperate need of assistance is bound to increase, he warned, adding: "Some are predicting 3 million, some are predicting 4 million, some are predicting more than that of people in desperate need of life-saving assistance as we approach the hunger gap in mid-year whose lives will be at stake."

But again, relief aid is not enough. "The Security Council has to act. The safe zone of Bosnia and many other historic examples show us that humanitarians are good at putting plaster on a wound but if you don't heal the wound, many, many more people will die because there is a war on," he warned, noting that the insecurity was also preventing humanitarian groups from reaching hundreds of thousands of those in need.

"We are very afraid of the security of our workers in the field," he said, noting that "armed men in the militias are getting away with murder of women and children and it is still happening and those who direct these militias are also getting away with murder," due to massive impunity for what an inquiry commission has called massive war crimes and crimes against humanity.

"Eight workers have been killed, our helicopters have been shot at, our trucks are being looted there, we are paralyzed," Mr. Egeland added. "We could have provided daily bread for more than 2 million people. We are at best giving to 1.5 million people. This cannot continue as now."

He called for a four- or five-fold increase in the African Union (AU) monitoring force in Darfur, now numbering between 1,800 to 1,900; more pressure on the Government, the rebels, ethnic and local leaders "who take those positions that lead to massive killing of women and children;" and robust mediation.

"It is an area bigger than France and it's filled with only one thing, there is only thing that there is abundance of in Darfur and that's sort of angry young men with Kalashnikovs and other automatic arms," Mr. Egeland said.

"Our staff on the ground is really working around the clock and are burning themselves out faster than anywhere else that I've seen in recent memory," he added. "I wish we had a fraction of [the Indian Ocean tsunami aid mobilization] for the Darfur tsunami which has displaced many more and which is potentially taking also more lives altogether unless action is taken."